Alois riedler



llNiTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE,

ALIS RIEDLER, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

VALVE-G EAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 561,342, dated J' une2, 17896.

Application filed June 13, 1893. Serial No. 477,488. (No model.)Patented in Germany March 11, 1888, No. 45,614, and March 27, 1892, No.64,772, and in England September 5, 1889,1Io. 14,022.

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, ALOIS RIEDLER, a subject of the King of Prussia,German Emperor, residing` at Berlin, Germany, have minvented certain newand useful Improvements in Valve-Gears, (for which Letters Patent weregranted to me in Great Britain, No. 14,022, dated September 5, 1889, andin Germany, No. 45,614, dated March 11, 1888, and by and with my consentby Carl Mller in Germany, No. 64,772, dated March 27, 1892,) of whichthe following is a specification. p

This invention relates to an improved valvegear for pumps, compressors,blowing-engines, risc., by which the valves are controlled by mechanicalmeans in such a manner that the shock of the valves at the moment whenthey are closing is obviated and thereby the noisoless and effectiveWorking of the valves obtained.

The invention consists of a valve-gear, which will be fully describedhereinafter, and the novel features of which will be finally pointed outin the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a verticallongitudinal section of a plunger-pump, the suction and delivery valvesof whichare operated by myimproved valve-gear. Fig. 2 is a diagramshowing the connection of a wrist-plate operating the valve-gear withthe crankshaft of the driving-engine; and Fig. 3 is a diagram showingthe connection of the wrist-plate for operating the valve-gear of thepump with the wristplate of a Corliss engine, both wrist-plates beingdriven by one common eccentric on the engine-shaft. Y

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, a in Fig. 1 represents the plunger of asingle-acting pump; b, the stuflingsbox for the same; c, thepumpcylinder, which is provided with valve-chambers c c2, that extend atright angles in opposite direction to the pump-cylinder c. Thevalve-chamber c2 of the suction-valve is closed by a head f3 andprovided with the suctionpipe neck f5, while the chamber c/ for thedelivery-valve is provided in a similar manner with the delivery-pipeneck f6. In the valvechambers c2 c are arranged, respectively, the

suction-valve d with its seat d and the deliveryvalve e with its seat e.The valves d and e. are shown in Fig. 1 and are made either in the shapeof flat valves, which are guided in the ordinary way concentrically onguides t and t, forming parts of the valve-seats d and e', or any othershape of'valve may be used and the valves be guided in any othersuitable manner.

The valves CZ and e are operated by a suitable transmittinggear so as toopen and close at the proper time. so arranged that the valves areclosed by the levers of the transmitting-gear at the end of therespective pump-stroke, but which levers are Withdrawn from the valvesbefore the The transm itting-gear isnext stroke of the plunger commenceswhen ber c said lever beinO extended in u ward direction, its upper endbeing connected by a rod 7c with the wrist-pin p of a Wrist-plate m, orwith an oscillating lever carrying a wrist-pin p. The transmitting-leverf is located inside of the valve-chamber cl, and adapted to act directlyon the head of the valve c.

For the suction-valve transmittinggear, another construction is shown,which is adapted for the same purpose as that of the delivery-valve, butin which the lever f is arranged outside of the valve-chamber c2, andconnected by means of a pivot-link f2 with a spindle f4, that passesthrough a stufingbox in the head f3 of the suction-valve chamber c2, andthrough the hollow stem of the suction-valve d, the spindle f4 beingprovided with a head t' above the suction-valve d, so as to close thevalve when the spindle f4 is drawn in downward direction by the lever fThe transmitting-lever f' is keyed to a shaft g', to which a lever-arm his keyed, which is pivoted to aconnecting-rod 7e', that is pivot-ed atits other end also to the wrist-pin p of the wrist-plate on.

The suction-valve d is closed at the end of the outward stroke of theplunger a, and at the same time the transmitting-lever f above IOO thedelivery-valve is Withdrawn from the delivery-valve, so'that this valveis left free to open automatically at the beginning of the inwardstroke. When at the end of the inward stroke of the piston a the lever fpresses on the delivery-valve e so as to close the same, the head t ofthe spindle f4 is raised above the suction-valve LZ, so that this valveis free to open automatically in the same manner as described for thedelivery-valve.

At the end of each respective stroke of the plunger the valve-geardescribed produces the closing of one valve, While at the same time theother valve is relieved from the gear by which it was closed at thepreceding stroke.

The gear is operated by the same engine which operates the plunger ofthe pump. This outside gear is clearly shown in Fig. 1, and consists ofthe oscillating wrist-plate m, or an oscillating lever, which issupported on the bed-plate of the pump. The Wrist-plate fm is connectedby the pin n with a connecting-rod f1, which is driven by the crank 7'on the crank-shaft NV of the pumping-engine, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.It is essential that the Wrist-plate m and the rods connected with thesame do not change their stroke at the same time as the plunger of thepump, as will be hereinafter described. The eccentric or crank r, whichis to drive the connectingrod r and the Wrist-plate m, is thereforekeyed to the crank-shaft W at an angle V to the engine-crank q, like anordinary eccentric for the gear of a steam-cylinder. Consequently alsoan ordinary eccentric of a steam-engine can be used for driving thevalve-gear of a steam-en gine, together with the Wrist-plate m and thegear of the pump, as shown in Fig. 3. For this, Fig. 3, the Workingeccentric o is shown in middle of its stroke, While the crank of theengine has not yet arrived in its deadcenter.

The pivot 1J on the Wrist-plate ou, Fig. l, is so arranged that thedelivery-valve is closed When the connecting-rod Zt' is in the straightline between the oscillating center 0 ofthe Wrist-plate fm and thecenter of the pin Z, which forms the connection of the connecting-rod 7cWith the lever-arm Zt. This position of the valve just being closed isshown in Fig. l. When the center of the Wristplate, pin p, and pivot Zare located in one straight line, o p Z, the delivery-valve e is closedand the change in the stroke of the plunger takes place at the end ofthe inward stroke.

As before stated, the stroke of the Wristplate m and of the rodsconnected with it does not change With the stroke of the pumppiston.Consequently after the stroke of the pump-piston is completed the pin pon the Wrist-plate m continues its movement to the point 19'; but duringthis oscillation from p to p the movement cannot be transmitted to thedelivery-valve c, as this valve is already closed and the outward strokeof the pumppiston has commenced. During the motion of the pin p to thepoint p the transmitting lever-arm Zt is moved back to the point Z/ andexerts no influence on the delivery valve whatsoever, as the Workinglever f is also drawn back from the valve c corresponding to theoscillation Z to Z. When the pin p arrives at the extreme position p',the stroke of the Wrist-plate m and of the valve-gear changes, the pin pis irst moved from its position p back to its former position p and thencontinues its movement until it arrives successively at the points p2and p3, so that the connecting-rod 7c brings the lever-arm 7Lrespectively into the points Z2 and Z3, by which movement the lever fisreleased from the valve e and the latter thereby free to openautomatically at the beginning of the next stroke of the pump. In Fig.l, n', n2, and n3 show the position of the Working pin n of theWrist-plate corresponding to the positions p, p2, and p3 of thetransmitting-pin. The oscillation n to n corresponds to the rotation S0to S of the engine-crank, Fig. 2.

The same arrangement as described for the delivery-valve e may also beapplied for the suction-valve; but in this case it Will also benecessary to arrange the pin p so that the rod la is in a straight linewith the same and the center 0 of the Wrist-plate m at the moment whenthe suction-valve LZ is closed; but the closing of the valve at theproper time by a movement which is taken from a portion of the enginewhich does not change its stroke at the same time With the pump-pistoncan also be obtained by making the connectingrod Za' in two parts, theend of one part being tubular, so as to guide it on the end of the otherpart, and by arranging a helical spring s around the telescoping partsof the connecting-rod Zt. The spring s is then compressed after thevalve is closed. This compression begins When the crank q of the engineis in its dead-center, Fig. 2, and the crank o", operating the gear,continues its movement during the oscillation from 0'3 to s2. The entireoscillation from r3 to s2 is to be taken up by the spring S.

The movements of the crank r from the point r3 to the points s2, s0, ands' correspond to the oscillations of the wrist-plate m from the point n3to the points 712,02., and '11, and to the oscillations of the Wrist-pinfrom the points p3 to the points 192,29, and 1f, as shown in Figs. 2 andl.

The closing of the suction-valve CZ takes place When the pivot n of theWrist-plate m arrives at n2 and the pivot 29 of the wristplate m at p2.The coil-springs is compressed While n and p move from n2 and p2,respectively, to n3 and p3 and back again. When the suction-valve CZ isclosed and the pin p is in position p2, the change of the piston stroketakes place and no closing movement can be transmitted to the valve anymore, as the further motion is taken up by the spring S. The pin p beingin the position p2, the rod k begins to compress the spring S, and thisIOO IXO

compression takes place during the oscillationp2 to p3, which is equalto the oscillation r3 to s2, as described before and shown in Fig. 2.The suction-valve is thus closed at the beginning of the inward strokeof the pump, at which point the delivery-valve is released from thegear, so as te open automatically. At the beginning of the outwardstroke of the pump the suction-valve is released from the gear andpermitted to open, while the delivery valve is closed, as described.

The suction-force of the pump-piston d eX- erts a lifting action on thesuction-valve d, which lifts the spindle f4 with it against the:frictional resistance of its stiifiing-box,wliile the lever f andlever-arm t are moved away from the spindle f4, sogas to cause theinward moving of the parts of the telescopic joint against the tensionof the spring s. The closing of the suction-valve d is produced by theaction of the connecting-rod 7d on the springs of the telescopic jointand by the action of said spring on the lever-arm h', lever f', andspindle f4.

To permit the automatic opening of the valves the controlling-gears-thatis, the lever f and the head t' of the spindle f'l--are withdrawn fromthe delivery and suctionvalves, as described before. The spring s, whichis interposed between the parts of the connecting-rod 7c', is made stiffenough for the ordinaryresistanee of the valve; but this resistance isnot sufficient to compress the spring, and the connecting-rod k willtransmit the closing movement in the same manner as if no spring wereinserted. The spring has no iniiuence whatever on the action of closingthe valve. It transmits the positive closing movement without alteringthis movement. It only takes up the rest of the movement of thevalve-gear, after the valve is closed. Then the rod 71; arrives at theposition p, the spring is compressed and the gear changes its stroke.

Instead of a spring any other suitable power can be used-as, forinstance, water or air pressure in a cylinder interposed in the rod le.Any such special power would give the same effect as the tension of thespring, always provided the power to be great enough to overcome theordinary resistance of the valve.

The motion by which the valve-gear of the pump is operated can be takendirectly from the driving-shaft WV of the engine, as shown in Fig. 2.The working eccentric r is placed at an angle i; which is equal to theangular advance of the eccentric plus ninety degrees away from the crankq on the driving-shaft W` of the engine. Owing to this position of theeccentric r it will not change its stroke with the engine-crank, butwill change its stroke later on when it is moved from S0 to S'. lVhenthe eccentric r is connected by the connecting-rod r with the pin fn ofthe wristpla-te in, the required movement is transmitted to thevalve-gear. The position of the pin n on the wrist-plate m correspondsthen to the dead-center of the crank q of the engine, when the eccentricis in the position o". The position nof the pin n corresponds to thechange of the stroke of the eccentric fr and the valvegear. The extremeposition n3, in Fig. 2, on the other side corresponds to the position r3of the eccentric-that is to say, to the change of stroke of thevalve-gear on the other side.

The movement for controlling the valvegear of the suction and deliveryvalve of a pump can also be taken from the ordinary wrist-plate of aCorliss engine, as shown in Fig. 3, or from any other oscillating partof the gear of a steam-engine. In Fig. 3 a steamcylinder C is shown, thewrist-plate M being driven by an eccentric r and connecting-rod r2. Tothe same wrist-plate another connecting-rod o" is connected, whichdrives the wrist-plate m by which the pump-valves are controlled, asbefore described. In all these different constructions described theessential feature is that a Working eccentric moves at a certain angleof advance to the enginecrank, in consequence of which the gear whichcontrols the pump -valves does not change its stroke at the lsame timewhen the pump and steam-pistons change their strokes.

In Fig. l the valves are shown for a singleacting pump; but it isobvious that a similar arrangement can be used for controlling the twovalves of a differential pump or the four valves of a double-actingpump; but in all such cases the essential feature of the valvegearremains entirely the same. In the case of adouble-acting pump there areonly two other valves to be controlled on the other side of thewrist-plate on, but otherwise entirely identical and symmetrical. InFig. l the valves are shown in a position to open vertically; but it isobvious that the valves may also be arranged so as to open horizontallyin cases where such valves should be preferrcd-as,for instance,incompressors, where the valves can be arranged in the cylinderheads.

Having th us described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, with the valve of a pump, of amechanically-controlled valvegear, being independent of and notconnected with said valve, an oscillating Wrist-plate actuated by thedriving-shaft of the pump-piston, and a connecting-rod between thevalvegear and wrist-plate, said rods and Wristplate being so arrangedrelatively to each other as to close the valve when the connecting-rodis in line with the axis of the wristplate, substantially as set forth.

2. rlhe combination, with the valve of a pump, ofmechanically-controlled valve-gear being independent of and notconnected with said valve, mechanism for actuating said valve-gear sothat its strokes do not take place at the same time as the change ofstroke IOO IIO

of the pump-piston, :t rod Connecting said actuatingmeehansm With theValve-gem', and a coil-spring interposed between the valve-gear andConnecting-rod so that the movement of said rod toward the valve-gearmay be continued Without nuenong the valve, substantially as set forth,

In testimony whereof I 'have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two Subscribing Witnesses.

ALOIS RIEDLER.

VitnesseS:

A. VOGT, W. HAUPT.

